Module I: Reading and Writing

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The following text is from Mark Twain's 1876 novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Tom, a child, has been told by his aunt to paint their house's fence.
Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He surveyed the fence, and all gladness left him and a deep melancholy settled down upon his spirit. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high.
As used in the text, what does the word "surveyed" most nearly mean?
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Organized
Examined
Converted
Promoted
Zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetric) flowers remain open and functional on average 1.1 days longer than actinomorphic (radially symmetric) flowers do. Ruby E. Stephens and colleagues claim that this extended period could be ______ the relatively small pool of potential pollinators available to zygomorphic flowers and the greater chance at successful pollination that remaining open affords them.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
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attributed to
converted by
analogous to
magnified by
The extensive use of the costly pigment ultramarine in the paintings of Johannes Vermeer—creator of masterpieces such as Woman with a Lute (ca. 1662–1663)—was likely ______ as much by the pigment's chemical durability as by its exclusiveness and vivid blue hue: relative to indigo and other blue pigments employed by Vermeer and his contemporaries, ultramarine is less susceptible to degradation.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
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constrained
motivated
expedited
preempted
The dinosaur displays at museums such as the American Museum of Natural History in New York (which has a mounted Allosaurus fragilis skeleton among its holdings) are notable for the ______ of the research behind them—the museum staff consulted numerous sources to ensure the accuracy of the displays.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
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novelty
obscurity
rigor
shallowness
The Nazca lines in Peru are designs marked in the earth by ancient peoples. Monuments like these were an inspiration for the land art movement that began in the 1960s. Land art artists create works set in the outdoors. For example, in his 1968 work *Annual Rings*, Dennis Oppenheim fashioned concentric lines that look like tree rings into the ice that covered a waterway.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
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The text describes the benefits of being an artist.
The text argues against placing works of art outside.
The text describes the popularity of art galleries in the 1960s.
The text provides information about the land art movement.
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