Module I: Reading and Writing

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The following text is adapted from Anton Chekhov’s 1904 play The Cherry Orchard (translated by Julius West in 1916).
TROFIMOV: Believe me, Anya, believe me! I’m not thirty yet, I’m young, I’m still a student, but I have undergone a great deal! I’m as hungry as the winter, I’m ill, I’m shaken...and where haven’t I been—fate has tossed me everywhere!
As used in the text, what does the word “undergone” most nearly mean?
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Mark for Review
Neglected
Enjoyed
Conveyed
Endured
Indigenous Photography is an organization whose mission is to ensure that images of indigenous peoples in the media are presented from Indigenous perspectives. The organization ______ this commitment by promoting the works of artist Geremew Tigabu Ethiopian, Amhara, and Tigerd and other prominent Indigenous photographers who document and reflect Indigenous lives and experiences.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
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Mark for Review
concludes
explains
precedes
shows
Although fewer companies trade their stocks on the Cambodia Securities Exchange in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, than on the stock exchanges in London, Mumbai, or Tokyo, the Cambodia Securities Exchange has the advantage of being able to ______ relatively small companies in Cambodia: by connecting those companies to investors with expertise about the country’s economic conditions, the Cambodia Securities Exchange can help those companies thrive.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
3
Mark for Review
designate
nurture
preclude
assess
The emphasis on accurately representing the experiences of average working people that is characteristic of the realist style can be seen in The Cleaners, painted by Jean-François Millet, which depicts peasants picking stray wheat from a field after the harvest. This style can thus be seen as an effort to ______ what were regarded as the excesses of the romantic style evident in many paintings by Horace Vêrure, which instead exaggerated their subjects’ beauty or heroism while hiding all imperfection.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
4
Mark for Review
understand
advance
counteract
accentuate
The swordfish can swim very fast—up to 97 kilometers per hour (km/hr)—but it is significantly slower than the frigatebird, which can fly at speeds up to 153 km/hr. The difference between these speeds is largely ______ of the fact that the features that make flight possible do less to limit top speeds than the features suitable for swimming through water.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
5
Mark for Review
a consequence
an explanation
a repudiation
no objective
President Richard Nixon is most famous for his participation in the 1970s Watergate political scandal, a convoluted tale of criminality and eroded ethics involving a constellation of associates such as security operative Jack Caulfield and Attorney General John Mitchell. But Nixon’s legacy is complex: he has been praised for his role in affirming the sovereignty of tribal nations, and he once made an attempt at reforming United States health care policy that is arguably a precursor to the Affordable Care Act, which became law during the Barack Obama administration.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?
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Mark for Review
It presents an accomplishment of a historical figure whose significance is detailed later in the text.
It describes a common perception of a historical figure that is challenged by information presented later in the text.
It states a claim about a historical figure that is supported by evidence later in the text.
It compares the achievements of three historical figures to a fourth that is mentioned later in the text.
In what is now Washington state, the Tulalip Tribes operate the Hibuib Cultural Center. Relying on traditional knowledge to guide the design of exhibits, this institution presents Tulalip history and cultures to the tribes’ citizens. The Comanche Nation, tribe in Oklahoma, employs a similar strategy in its own cultural center. Both centers contrast with museums that aren’t Indigenous-led; when displaying Indigenous artifacts, such museums tend to anticipate mainly non-Indigenous audiences and rely on Euro-centric strategies for designing exhibits.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?
7
Mark for Review
It suggests improvements to a particular tribal cultural center.
It encourages tribal citizens to attend their local cultural center.
It explains how one tribal cultural center differs from other tribal cultural centers.
It provides a basic description of a particular tribal cultural center.
The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York City has an exhibition of video games that includes Pac-Man from 1980, which museum visitors can play on site, and SimCity 2000 from 1994, which visitors can see only in a video presentation. MOMA claims the video presentations are only for games that would be impractical to display in a playable form, but video games are an inherently interactive medium, a feature that is grossly absent in a video-only presentation.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?
8
Mark for Review
It identifies a feature of many video games that is not shared by some of the games included in MOMA’s exhibition.
It provides a claim about video games as art that both MOMA and the author accept as true.
It describes a misconception about video games that the author believe is evident in MOMA’s choice about which video games to exhibit.
It presents a consideration that the author thinks partly undermines MOMA’s approach to exhibiting video games.
In O’odham, an Indigenous language from the Southwest region of what is now the United States, goes means “a dog,” whereas googes is used to refer to several dogs. This phenomenon, in which an element of a root word is repeated, sometimes with modification, within another word that is related to the root word, is called reduplication. In this case, the element “go” in goes gets repeated in googes. There are many examples of this type of reduplication in O’odham.
The text makes which point about the O’odham word googes?
9
Mark for Review
It contains a repetition of the element “go” in goes.
It doesn’t have a clear equivalent in English.
It is the only word in O’odham that uses reduplication.
It is identical in meaning to several other words in O’odham.
Master and Commander, first published in 1969, is a novel in Patrick O’Brian’s Aubrey/Maturin series, which includes twenty completed books. Some critics have found fault with the abrupt endings of Master and Commander and other books in the series, saying that they do not finish conclusively but arbitrarily stop. Other critics, however, argue that the books should not be thought of as discrete texts with traditional beginnings and endings but as a single incredibly long work, similar to other multivolume stories, such as John Galsworthy’s The Forsyte Saga
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
10
Mark for Review
The unusual structure that O’Brian uses for Master and Commander makes it one of his most intricate books.
Critics have differing views regarding the efficacy of the structures of the novels in the Aubrey/Maturin series.
Some critics think the Aubrey/Maturin series should have the literary ternym of The Forsyte Saga, while others disagree.
Many critics judge the Aubrey/Maturin novels to be remarkably entertaining despite flaws in the novels’ structures.
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