Albert Einstein, a theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, undoubtedly made a substantial impact on science, but his fame in popular culture is perhaps more _______ than that of Isaac Newton, who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation, accomplishments for which he will long be celebrated.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Biologist Dr. Elena M. Rodriguez conducted a 2021 study on wild chimpanzees that used sticks to extract termites from mounds. Skeptical colleagues initially suggested to Dr. Rodriguez that the chimpanzees' interactions with the sticks might simply be __________, but Dr. Rodriguez and her team showed that the chimpanzees were using the sticks strategically.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the American college experience as depicted in literature, students often find themselves in a(n) _______ maze of opportunities: academic pursuits open doors to new knowledge; extracurricular activities foster personal growth and leadership skills; and social interactions shape their understanding of diverse cultures and perspectives.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Scholarly accounts of the Civil Rights Movement—a movement that advocated for the rights and equality of African Americans and reached its height in the 1950s and 1960s—tend to focus on the most charismatic, vocal leaders in the movement, making it seem uniformly heroic. Historian Lisa Thompson has shown, however, that if we shift our focus toward the way the movement manifested in comparatively low-profile community efforts and projects, we see participants espousing an array of political orientations and approaches to civil rights activism.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

In a study conducted by Dr. Jane Smith on cellular signaling pathways, researchers explored the role of the protein kinase Akt in regulating cell growth and survival. Akt, also known as Protein Kinase B, is activated through a series of phosphorylation events triggered by various growth factors and hormones. Once activated, Akt can phosphorylate a variety of downstream targets, leading to increased protein synthesis, inhibition of apoptosis (programmed cell death), and promotion of cell proliferation. Dr. Smith's research revealed that Akt is a critical mediator of these processes, integrating signals from the cell's environment to maintain cellular homeostasis.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

The following text is from Gary Snyder's poem 'Riprap'.

Lay down these words Before your mind like rocks. placed solid, by hands In choice of place, set Before the body of the mind in space and time: Solidity of bark, leaf, or wall riprap of things:

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

Text 1

Thomas Aquinas, a 13th-century philosopher and theologian, is known for his works that attempted to reconcile the teachings of the Church with the philosophy of Aristotle. His most famous work, Summa Theologica, is considered a cornerstone of Christian theology and Western philosophy.

Text 2

In a recent publication, scholars John Doe and Jane Doe argue that Aquinas' works were not just a reconciliation of Church teachings and Aristotelian philosophy. They suggest that Aquinas was also influenced by other philosophical traditions of his time, and his works reflect a synthesis of various philosophical ideas, not just those of Aristotle.

Based on the texts, how would John Doe and Jane Doe (Text 2) most likely respond to the traditional understanding of Aquinas' works presented in Text 1?

The following text is from Émile Zola’s 1885 novel Germinal. Etienne Lantier, a young worker, has just arrived at a coal mining village in northern France.

"Etienne walked through the village, observing the blackened houses and the weary faces of the miners. He could feel the weight of the coal dust in the air, settling on his skin like a second layer. The village was a stark contrast to the vibrant city he had left behind. Despite the grim surroundings, there was a sense of camaraderie among the miners that Etienne found inspiring. He watched them as they trudged home after a long day’s work, their bodies bent but not broken. There was a resilience in their eyes, a determination to survive despite the oppressive conditions. Etienne felt a stirring of hope within him; he too would become part of this community and fight alongside these men for a better life."

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

In 2024, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is scheduled to observe the atmospheres of several exoplanets. Because these planets orbit stars of various types, the atmospheres may differ based on their star's characteristics. The JWST will measure how these stars' radiation affects the planets' atmospheres. For several years, scientists have studied different star systems to predict these effects.

According to the text, why might the spectral characteristics of an exoplanet's atmosphere differ based on the star it orbits?

River’s Light is a 1986 novel by L. Zhu. In the novel, Zhu’s portrayal of Mr. Song underscores the character’s conviction that his moral compass surpasses that of those around him: ____

Which quotation from River’s Light most effectively illustrates the claim?