In today's world, where environmentally conscious practices are increasingly imperative, companies are turning to eco-friendly alternatives for their products. The production of these green items is often more costly, but consumers are willing to pay a premium for them. The shift toward more sustainable options is not just a passing trend. It is a ________ change in consumer behavior and market dynamics. Companies that fail to adapt to this change risk being left behind. These eco-friendly products not only benefit the environment but also have a positive impact on the companies' brand image and bottom line.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) is a pivotal tool in the realm of contemporary engineering. It encompasses a multitude of techniques, including Finite Element Analysis (FEA), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and Multibody Dynamics (MBD). These techniques facilitate the prediction of product performance, evaluating its durability, safety, and resistance to potential stresses. Hence, CAE plays an integral role in the product lifecycle, helping to ______ the product's design and optimize product development. The use of CAE tools effectively reduces the necessity for physical prototypes, saving both time and resources.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Neil Armstrong, an aeronautical engineer and astronaut, occupies a singular position in the annals of humanity's space exploration as the first person to set foot on the moon. His footprints on the lunar surface have made him an enduringly _______ figure in global history. Armstrong's influence was clear throughout his extensive career in NASA, from his pioneering Gemini missions to his historic Apollo 11 lunar landing. Under his leadership, he pushed the boundaries of human potential, bringing about awe and inspiration. In addition to advancing space exploration, he played a crucial role in inspiring millions across the globe, kindling their curiosity and imagination.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is adapted from Robert Louis Stevenson's 1883 novel 'Treasure Island.' Young Jim Hawkins, aboard the ship Hispaniola, is watching Long John Silver, the ship's cook. Silver, though he was almost killed, as usual, had not only his own work to do, but a lot of Hawkins', too. He had to cook and serve; he had to clean, fetch, carry, and watch. And it was surprising, the amount of work the man could handle. He was always at it. And not only did he do it, but he did it cheerfully, whistling all the time. Hawkins watched him, fascinated.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

The following text is from Edward Rowland Sill's poem "Opportunity."

This I beheld, or dreamed it in a dream:— 

There spread a cloud of dust along a plain; 

And underneath the cloud, or in it, raged 

A furious battle, and men yelled, and swords 

Shocked upon swords and shields. A prince's banner 

Wavered, then staggered backward, hemmed by foes. 

A craven hung along the battle's edge, 

And thought, "Had I a sword of keener steel— 

That blue blade that the king's son bears,—but this 

Blunt thing—!" He snapt and flung it from his hand, 

And lowering crept away and left the field. 

Then came the king's son, wounded, sore bestead, 

And weaponless, and saw the broken sword,

Hilt-buried in the dry and trodden sand, 

And ran and snatched it, and with battle-shout 

Lifted afresh, he hewed his enemy down, 

And saved a great cause that heroic day.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

The following text is adapted from Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness. Marlow is a seaman who has been sent to Africa by a Belgian trading company to retrieve the ill and possibly insane Mr. Kurtz.

He was silent for a long time. 'I laid the ghost of his gifts at last with a lie,' he began suddenly. 'Girl! What? Did I mention a girl? Oh, she is out of it—completely. They—the women, I mean—are out of it—should be out of it. We must help them to stay in that beautiful world of their own, lest ours gets worse.'

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

Text 1

Organic chemistry has traditionally relied on laboratory-based synthesis methods to produce various compounds. However, this conventional approach is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often generates hazardous waste. With the advancement of computational chemistry and machine learning, traditional synthesis methods should be completely replaced by these modern techniques. This shift would make the process more efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective.

Text 2

While traditional synthesis methods in organic chemistry can be improved, they should not be entirely replaced. Computational chemistry and machine learning offer significant benefits, such as predicting reaction outcomes and optimizing conditions. However, these methods still require experimental validation and refinement. Integrating both approaches can lead to better results, combining the precision of computational methods with the empirical insights of traditional synthesis. For instance, researchers have successfully used machine learning to predict reaction pathways, which are then confirmed and improved upon through laboratory experiments.

Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the underlined claim in Text 1?

Jane Goodall's pioneering work with chimpanzees in Tanzania revolutionized our understanding of animal behavior and human evolution. By living among the chimpanzees and gaining their trust, Goodall observed behaviors previously unknown to science. Her most significant finding was that chimpanzees use tools, a trait once thought to be uniquely human. This discovery challenged existing definitions of humanity and blurred the lines between humans and other species. Goodall's work provided profound insights into the cognitive abilities of chimpanzees, offering a new perspective on the evolutionary connections between primates and humans. Her research continues to influence studies in various fields, reshaping how we view not only chimpanzees but also ourselves as a species.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

Jean Nakamura has discovered a negative correlation between the share of countries' economies derived from semiconductor processing and those countries' levels of technological innovation. This may appear counterintuitive—semiconductor processing requires sophisticated technology and expertise at levels best met by advanced research institutions—but Nakamura notes that semiconductor industries’ cyclical nature can result in volatile market conditions and reduced funding for other research sectors. Additionally, this focus on semiconductor processing can divert talent and resources away from other areas of technological development, creating an environment where technological innovation suffers.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

The Treaty of Baden, signed in 1714, was a peace agreement ending the War of Spanish Succession. Although it primarily involved European countries, the treaty had a significant impact on Asia, particularly on trade and territorial control. The Dutch, who were part of the treaty, were allowed to continue their monopoly over the spice trade in the Indonesian archipelago, thereby strengthening their control over the region. However, the British, who had also signed the treaty, saw this as an opportunity to expand their trade in India, leading to a power shift in the region.

Which of the following, if true, would most directly undermine the idea that the Treaty of Baden led to the British expansion in India?