The following text is adapted from John Matheus’s 1965 short story “Tog.” A train has stopped at a station where heavy fog has set in.
The little conductor stood on tiptoe in an effort to keep one hand on the signal rope, craning his neck in a vain and dissatisfied endeavor to pierce the mistiness of the fog. The motorman chafed in his box, thinking of the drudging fog of the laboring man, He registered discontent.
As used in the text, what does the word “registered” most nearly mean?

As a member of Indigenous Photography, artist Tshepisa Nabula ka Mogrageni (Xhosa) can _____ her work more broadly than she could without the organization’s reach. Photography editors around the world can search for Indigenous photographer members on the organization’s website to find images that document and reflect the lives of Indigenous communities.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
 

Originating in the traditional stories of the Kamaka Maoli, the Native Hawaiian people, the literature of Hawaii has a rich history that was later brought to international prominence by writers such as Mary Kawena Pukui. Now, by producing acclaimed works, Gary Pak has _____ his place in that literary tradition.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In a 2018 article about films depicting the experiences of Black Americans, critics for the _New York Times_ praise Madeline Anderson’s 1970 film / _I Am Somebody_ as “galvanizing” and Reginald Hudlin’s 1990 film / _House Party_ as “exuberant.” Fans of the two films hope that such ______ will attract new audiences to these works.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Researchers César A. Hidalgo, Elisa Castañer, and Andres Sevtsuk created a computer model to predict the mix of businesses and places of interest found in a given neighborhood. The team used data from the Google Places API service to help identify florists, beauty salons, and other businesses and map their locations. This approach has some limits—data from Places API tend to be restricted to places that are customer facing—but the data set nonetheless provides an extremely reliable source to study collocation patterns of neighborhood amenities.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

Known for the albums _Someday My Prince Will Come_ and _Milestones_, jazz trumpeter Miles Davis collaborated several times with pianist Gil Evans. Their 1958 adaptation of George Gershwin’s opera _Porgy and Bess_ bears little resemblance to the 1955 original. Davis and Evans felt no desire to please listeners expecting an exact duplication of the opera. They omitted parts, such as the aria “I Got Plenty of Nuthin’,” and sometimes made only brief gestures toward Gershwin’s melodies. But Davis and Evans’s willingness to re-compose Gershwin’s work led to one of the most enduring albums in Davis’s catalog.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Scholarly interest in literary juvenilia—writings by children and teenagers—tends to focus on unpublished works by authors who became famous as adults, such as W.H. Auden’s poem “Autumn,” which he wrote around age 15, because they offer insights into their authors’ artistic development. But some scholars also argue that recovering juvenilia by lesser-known writers is essential to understanding literary history; Daisy Ashford’s novels, which she published as a child, were widely read by contemporaries and are therefore deserving of closer attention.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

Superlubricity, the state of virtually no friction between materials, has desirable applications in many industries. For example, it can make aircraft engines more efficient. To produce a coating that achieves superlubricity, Chanaka Kumara and colleagues broke-down carbon nanotubes into fragments of graphene to fully cover two surfaces that would rub together. Friction between pieces of graphene is generally extremely low, and when the researchers added a drop of oil as lubrication, that friction nearly vanished. This new coating may drastically lower friction-related energy costs.
According to the text, what happened when the researchers added oil to the surfaces covered in graphene fragments?

Key McLendon’s Moonlit St. Lucie, a riverscape featuring the silhouette of a single palm tree against the backdrop of shimmering water and a brilliant moonlit sky, is typical of paintings by the Florida Highwaymen, an informal collective of landscape artists mainly active in the 1950s and ’60s. Remarkable for anticipating and amplifying cultural perceptions of Florida that became pervasive in the public consciousness, paintings by the Highwaymen are readily identifiable by the natural iconography—placid inland rivers, windswept palm trees—that McLendon and colleagues perpetually revisited.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

The following text is from George Eliot’s 1857 short story “The Sad Fortunes of the Rev. Amos Barton.” In the text, the narrator addresses the reader directly and alludes to a discussion among Rev. Amos Barton’s neighbors.
It is well for the Rev. Amos Barton that he did not, like us, overhear the conversation recorded in the last chapter. Indeed, what mortal is there of us who would find his satisfaction enhanced by an opportunity of comparing the picture he presents to himself of his own doings, with the picture they make on the mental retina of his neighbours? We are poor plants buoyed up by the air vessels of our own conceit: alas for us, if we get a few pinches that empty us of that windy self-subsistence! The very capacity for good would go out of us.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?