Several social scientists ______ that during the Industrial Revolution, urban families benefited from decreased living costs, theorizing that city dwellers spent less on basic necessities than their rural counterparts. Sociologist Tariq Elvan demonstrated, however, that a meticulous examination of contemporary records contradicts this theory.Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In the mid-19th century, the invention of the telegraph significantly impacted communication. This advancement ______ an era of instant communication, transforming society in profound ways.Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The transmission of traditional healing practices in many indigenous communities remained ______ despite centuries of colonial disruption. Village elders continued to pass down medicinal knowledge through oral traditions, ensuring these ancient remedies survived into the modern era.Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Despite the literary world being largely dominated by male authors when Mary Shelley began writing, she did not see the industry as ______: Shelley paved the way for female authors with the publication of her novel Frankenstein in 1818, a cornerstone of Gothic literature and early science fiction.Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In her novel Beyond the Horizon, author Emma Carlisle crafts an intricately detailed and richly imagined world that has captured the imagination of readers and critics alike. The ______ landscapes she intricately describes serve not merely as a backdrop, but as a transformative element, transporting readers as if they've crossed the boundary into a completely different, fantastical realm.Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is adapted from the 2009 novel The Clockmaker by David F. Mitchell. Tim is a young man apprenticed to a clockmaker in a small town.

Tim had always been fascinated by the intricate workings of clocks, a fascination that led him to become an apprentice to Mr. Worthington, the town's respected clockmaker. Under his guidance, Tim learned the mechanics as well as the artistry involved in clockmaking. However, the more Tim learned, the more he began to the traditional methods and ethics of his mentor. Tim realized he had the potential to innovate in the field and decided he would one day open his own workshop.Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

Text 1

Recent analysis of medieval Japanese sword-making techniques has revealed unusual heating patterns in the metal. While other cultures typically heated their metal uniformly, Japanese swordsmiths repeatedly heated and cooled different sections of the blade at varying temperatures. Metallurgist Wei Zhang argues that this complex process developed as smiths competed to demonstrate their expertise, establishing their reputation through increasingly sophisticated methods.

Text 2

The distinctive heating patterns found in medieval Japanese swords have intrigued materials scientists. Through microscopic analysis of blade crystals, metallurgist Kenji Yamamoto and his colleagues found that alternating heat treatments created layers of different hardness. Their research suggests that this heating technique was developed to combine a sharp cutting edge with a flexible spine, making the swords less likely to break in combat.

Based on the texts, both authors would most likely agree with which statement?

The following excerpt is adapted from the novel Harbor of Memories by Laura McCallister.

While Jane had spent most of her adult life away from her coastal hometown, her heart had never quite left. Now a widow, she had returned to her childhood home, a cottage that sat on a cliff overlooking the sea. What brought her back was not nostalgia but a series of letters she had discovered, written by her late husband during their early courtship. These letters weren't just remnants of a romantic past; they were conduits of memory. As Jane read and reread the letters, she found herself walking down memory lane, each word transporting her to different moments of their shared history. According to the text, what is true about Jane?

The following text is from Lana Hughes's poem, "In the Garden of the Mind."

Like a sapling that stretches upwards,

tender leaves reaching for the warmth of the sun,

thriving when the soil is rich and moist;

So too does the human spirit grow,

seeking the light of knowledge and wisdom.

Should this be withheld, the spirit falters,

as does the sapling in barren ground,

starved of the sun's vital rays and the earth's nurturing embrace.

Based on the text, in what way is the human spirit similar to a sapling?

A student is exploring the use of narrative techniques within a series of detective novels known for their complex plots. Each book in the series employs a distinct narrative voice, with the story of each installment being told from the perspective of a different character involved in the mystery. The student hypothesizes that the author's primary purpose for this method is to delve into the psychological makeup of each character, rather than to build suspense or mystery within the narrative.Which statement, if true, would most directly support the student’s claim?