Module I: Reading and Writing

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Until 1917, there was no formal measure in the United States Senate that could be ____ to end a debate that had been excessively prolonged as a tactic to block voting on a matter. In that year, a procedure was created to allow a majority of senators to curtail deliberation and force a vote.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
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Mark for Review
improvised
invoked
abolished
partitioned
The following text is adapted from Akwaeke Emezi’s 2019 novel Pet. Jam is a teenager who lives with her father, Aloe, and her mother, Bitter, who is a painter.
Bitter finished the painting in the dark morning of a day—it was well past midnight when Jam heard the studio door creak open. She stared into the velvet black of her room and listened to her mother’s footsteps walking in her [mother] and Aloe’s bedroom. There was a weight thrumming through the floorboards in a low song, and that was how Jam knew the painting was done. Bitter’s feet were singing the news.
Which choice best states the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?
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Mark for Review
It adds to the idea that Bitter’s footsteps reveal something to Jam.
It indicates that Jam is more interested in music than in art.
It indicates that Bitter always sings when working on a painting.
It describes Aloe’s reaction upon seeing the painting for the first time.
In 2011 Ingrid L. Cripps and colleagues published a study concluding that ocean acidification has a strong effect on the behavior of Pseudocromis fuscus, a species of fish. However, Cripps and colleagues’ study relied on a mean sample size of only about 9 fish. In a 2022 review of various scientists’ conclusions about the impacts of ocean acidification on fish behavior, Josefin Sundin and colleagues caution that relying on such a relatively small sample size can increase the potential for biased analysis. Such analysis, in turn, can contribute to reports of exaggerated effects.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
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Mark for Review
 To explain how the behavior of a fish species has changed over time.  
 To note a potential concern about the findings of a scientific study.  
To present a debate between two research teams about a cause of ocean acidification.
To discuss an aspect of ocean acidification that is frequently overlooked.

Habitat navigation is a skill that helps animals reach food or safety. To test how navigation works in fish, Shachar Givon and colleagues taught goldfish to drive a vehicle—a motorized fish tank with wheels—on land. The vehicle was programmed to move in the same direction that the fish swam in within the tank. In the experiment, the fish were tasked with driving their tank to a pink board. They received a treat when they succeeded, and they often did. Because the fish could move their tank to the board, Givon concludes that their navigational skills aren’t specific to an aquatic environment.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

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Mark for Review
Research shows that although they live in the water, fish can navigate on land with a little mechanical help.
Fish can navigate only within their natural aquatic environment in order to find food and safety.
Researchers can train animals to complete many different tasks when they offer the animals treats.
An animal’s navigational skills directly depend on that animal’s particular environment.


Hoard nameDate of contentsYear of discoveryDescription
Broighter Hoard1st century BCE1896gold pieces
Balline Hoard4th century CE1940silver pieces
Dooyork Hoard3rd century BCE–2nd century CE2001gold, bronze, and beads
 

Deposits of valuable objects, or hoards, have been unearthed in many different parts of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Some of these hoards were discovered before 2000; for example, ____.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?

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Mark for Review
the Broighter Hoard was discovered in 1896, and the Balline Hoard was discovered in 1940.
the Broighter Hoard was one of several hoards discovered in the 1800s.
the Dooyork Hoard was discovered in 1940, and the Balline Hoard was discovered in 2001.
the Balline Hoard and the Dooyork Hoard were both discovered in the 2000s.
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