Frequent handwashing is often cited as a simple yet effective measure to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Public health advocate Laura Gibson emphasizes that this practice can ______ the risk of common illnesses, protecting both individuals and the broader community.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The physiological purpose of blinking, which involves the ______ closure and opening of the eyelid, has been a topic of study for many scientists. Laura Kim, an ophthalmologist, has proposed that this automatic motion is essential for maintaining the health of the eye's surface.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Educator and philosopher Paolo Freire believed that education should ______ critical thinking and social awareness. In his work Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Freire argued that learning is not a one-way process but a collaborative dialogue that empowers individuals to question and transform their society.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In a study on language acquisition, linguists at the University of Applied Sciences are exploring the relationship between children's reading habits and their ______ in vocabulary development. The focus is to assess whether regular reading from a young age is linked with a broader vocabulary range compared to their peers who read less frequently.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

According to a climate change expert, carbon footprint reduction efforts are ______ other factors when considering the impact on global warming. Even significant reductions in carbon emissions have a lesser effect, while factors like deforestation, industrial pollution, and overconsumption have stronger influences.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Despite the architectural world being largely dominated by Western influences when Kenzo Tange, a Japanese architect, began his practice, he did not see the field as ______: Tange became a pioneering force in modernist architecture, integrating traditional Japanese styles with the demands of modern functions.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is adapted from a 1920 novel The Smoke of Destiny by Arthur L. Smith. The character, Edward, is contemplating starting a book club among his friends.

We are considering nothing but a modest gathering of like-minded souls, looking for some intellectual stimulus and exercise in reading and discussing varied literature. We seek no prestige, no public recognition. We can trust in our judgment to select the most appropriate and agreeable books, and I see no greater risk to us in engaging in the polished language of respected authors than in our usual idle chatter.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

Text 1

Plastic waste is a significant issue facing our environment today. Many experts, such as environmentalist Linda Shaffer, argue that the most effective way to address this issue is to drastically reduce our plastic usage. She believes that a society-wide transition to more sustainable, reusable materials is the key to resolving the plastic crisis and mitigating the negative impacts on our environment.

Text 2

Industrial ecologist Roger Morton takes a slightly different approach to the problem of plastic waste. While he agrees about the importance of reducing plastic use, he contends that this alone may not be enough. Instead, he proposes a comprehensive approach that includes not only reduction of plastic usage, but also improvements in waste management and recycling technologies, and advocating for more responsible corporate practices.

Based on the texts, how would Roger Morton (Text 2) likely respond to Linda Shaffer's solution to the plastic waste problem (Text 1)?

Historian Gabriel Rhodes is widely recognized for his comprehensive documentaries on ancient civilizations. His publication, Unraveling Time: An Odyssey of Ancient Cultures in 2004, though, is arguably his most influential endeavor. The book, with its roots anchored in Rhodes' extensive travels and research in ancient cities, pioneered a new genre by blending history, travelogues, personal reflections, and sociopolitical commentary. The impact of the book can still be seen today, influencing the ways historians approach and write about ancient civilizations.

Which choice best describes the main idea of the text?

A recent study focused on the impact of mindfulness meditation programs in high schools. The researchers posited that regular practice of mindfulness meditation could enhance students' ability to concentrate and manage stress. They observed that students who participated in these programs showed reduced anxiety levels and increased attention spans. The researchers theorize that these improvements will lead to better academic performance and emotional well-being in students over time.

Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the researchers' theory?

In The Call of the Canyon, a 1914 short story by Harold K. Lee, the canyon itself is a central figure that influences the protagonist's thoughts and actions: ______

Which quotation from The Call of the Canyon most effectively illustrates the claim?

Wild Voice is a novel by Diana Forest. In the story, wildlife photographer Jack Dalton, while on a safari in Africa, is indirectly showing his concern for the protection of his photographic equipment from the harsh environment: ______

Which quotation from the book best illustrates the claim?

HR consultant Maria Thompson conducted a survey to assess the relationship between an employee's work experience, the size of the company they work for, and their job satisfaction. Based on her research, Thompson claims that in general, employees with more experience and those who work for smaller companies tend to report higher job satisfaction.

Which choice best describes data in the graph that support Thompson’s claim?

Biologists studying a forest have discovered an abundance of both edible and poisonous mushrooms. Soil analysis revealed a varying distribution of mushroom spores at different depths, indicating that these two types of mushrooms flourish at different depths. Because edible mushrooms are highly prized by local communities for their culinary value, the researchers stressed the importance of careful identification due to the presence of poisonous species. In emphasizing this caution, they noted that ______

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to support the researchers' conclusion?

In coastal regions, coral reefs often act as barriers that absorb the impact of powerful waves and storms, thereby protecting inland ecosystems and human settlements. Marine biologist Thomas W. Mitchell and his team have found that specific species of coral have developed flexible structures to endure the force of turbulent waters. However, certain invasive algae species have been observed to weaken these corals, leading to a decrease in their protective function. These findings suggest that ______

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A team of agronomists led by Emily Jacobsen, Zhou Hansheng, and Laura N. Thompson studied the mechanism that allows Zea mays (corn plants) to increase their growth rate in response to high light intensities. They replaced the gene ZmLHC in the plants with a similar gene found in another species (wheat plants) that, unlike Z. mays, shows no acceleration in growth rate with increased light. A comparison of unmodified Z. mays plants with the altered plants showed no difference in growth rate under normal light, but under intense light, the unmodified plants exhibited accelerated growth while the altered ones did not, which suggests that ______

Which choice most logically completes the text?

In a study conducted by researcher Alex Hansen at the University of Copenhagen, it was found that reducing energy consumption in households can be significantly impacted by behavioral changes. The study suggests that when homeowners are provided with smart meters that allow them to see their energy usage in real time, ______ are more likely to turn off unnecessary lights.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Examining seismic events can provide critical insights for experts in the field. Such was the case with the earthquake in San Francisco in 1906, which has been instrumental in advancing the science of seismology. As _____ confirm, the data collected from this event have been pivotal in understanding fault lines and predicting future quakes.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In the complex world of international diplomacy, the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations serves as a pivotal framework that ______ the rules and protocols

governing the interactions between nations. This treaty, established in 1961, continues to be a cornerstone for diplomatic conduct worldwide.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In crafting her book, Emily Sullivan charms readers with her delightful stories. Her book The Starry Skies tells the story of a young girl who befriends the moon, while her other book ______ recounts the adventure of a boy who could talk to animals.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In a symphony orchestra, the conductor synchronizes the musicians to produce a harmonious performance. The conductor's precise cues guide the tempo and intensity, allowing the ______ to resonate with the audience.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Regarded as one of the most fortuitous accidents in the field of medicine, the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 ______ our ability to treat bacterial infections and revolutionized the entire field of medicine.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Unlike the relatively shallow root systems of most lawn grasses, which primarily serve to anchor them in the soil and provide limited access to moisture, ______. This characteristic allows them to take advantage of underground water reserves that are inaccessible to many other plants.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The aurora borealis, or Northern Lights, is a natural light display that is commonly seen in high-latitude regions around the Arctic. This phenomenon has fascinated observers for centuries and is caused by the interaction of solar wind with the Earth's magnetic field. ______ modern technology such as satellite imaging has enhanced our ability to predict and study these spectacular light shows.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Fast food has been criticized for its health impacts, with many linking its consumption to rising obesity rates and other health issues. ______ some argue that fast food offers convenience and accessibility that is unmatched, providing quick meal options for busy individuals and families.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Traditional retailing has long been centered around in-store experiences, but a significant shift toward the digital landscape is currently underway. ______ businesses are now investing more heavily in e-commerce, a trend that is clearly evidenced by the noticeable surge in online shopping platforms.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

  The Venus flytrap is a carnivorous plant found in subtropical wetlands of the United States.

  It has specialized leaves that trap insects and spiders.

  The trapping mechanism is triggered by the movement of the tiny hairs on the inner surface of the plant's leaves.

  Once the prey is trapped, the plant produces digestive enzymes to consume it.

  It's one of the few plants capable of rapid movement.

The student wants to highlight the trigger mechanism of Venus flytrap. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?