Educators are increasingly recognizing the importance of incorporating technology into the classroom. Properly integrated, digital tools can ______ learning, facilitating collaboration and fostering digital literacy among students.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The text is adapted from The Architecture of Life by Phoebe Sterling. The characters Victor and Emily discuss the intricacies of biology.

VICTOR: The DNA could well be the blueprint of existence, Emily. Our understanding is fundamentally elementary.

EMILY: Because it's complicated?

VICTOR: Not just complicated. It's more about our inability to decode the grandeur that biology possesses. Human knowledge seems to be dwarfed in front of such detailed design.

As used in the text, what does the word “decode” most nearly mean?

In 2022, a revolutionary battery technology was unveiled, boasting the capability to store twice the energy of current models. This breakthrough could serve as persuasive evidence for critics who had once firmly believed that battery technology had reached its peak, compelling them to ______ their previous stances.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Psychologist Lila Nguyen and her team discovered that cognitive dissonance—the discomfort experienced when holding contradictory beliefs—can be alleviated through mindfulness meditation. However, the effectiveness of this strategy varies significantly among individuals and is largely ______ their level of skepticism towards meditation practices, indicating that practitioners with a pre-existing belief in the efficacy of meditation benefit more.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Documentary filmmaker Vanessa Ford is widely celebrated for her penetrating exploration of pressing social issues. Her most recent film, The Cost of Silence, employs a blend of personal narratives and carefully sourced data to ______ the often overlooked impact of inequality in the American education system.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is adapted from Hannah K. Rosewood's novel The Whispering Wind. In this scene, the main character, Lucy, encounters a supernatural being in the forest.

A chill wind swept through the forest, raising goosebumps on Lucy's arms as she ventured deeper into the moonlit woods. Suddenly, a ghostly figure materialized before her, its form shifting and shimmering in the cool night air. Lucy's heart pounded in her chest, but she forced herself to remain still. She watched as the spirit, recognising her presence, turned towards her, its ethereal voice reaching her in whispered fragments. Filled with a strange sense of purpose, Lucy decided to understand the entity's message, marking the beginning of her unexpected journey into the supernatural.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

 The following text is from the poem Constant by Idris Nawab, a poet from the Pashtun community.

New paths shall unfurl beneath the sky,

A fresh symphony shall be sung—

Minds shall awaken to wonders untold,

Old spirits shall be sprung—

But with each rising sun's gold,

And every moon's silver tongue,

Hands shall again touch the cold,

Familiar tunes shall be strung—

As darkness fades into the morning's hold.

And day has just begun....

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

The following text is adapted from Ocean's Whisper, a 1921 memoir by Virginia Layton. In the text, Layton describes her childhood experiences living near the seaside.

As a young girl, I spent countless hours on the sandy shores, watching the endless ebb and flow of the sea. The ocean was a living entity, ever-changing and ever constant. Its moods, reflected in the crashing waves or the serene stillness, could match the tempest or tranquility of my own heart. I would often sit on a weather-beaten log, listening to the whispers of the sea, as if it held secrets meant just for me.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Text 1

When airlines propose mergers, they frequently assert that such a merger would benefit passengers by streamlining operations and thereby reducing ticket prices. In an analysis by economist Linda Green, she modelled a hypothetical merger between two major U.S. airlines and found that ticket prices would actually increase post-merger.

Text 2

Financial analysts Samuel Roy and Katherine Liu have posited that studies regarding the impact of mergers on prices have been overly concentrated on short-term effects, which tend to disadvantage passengers. Using the merger case of airlines in Germany as an example, they demonstrated that over an extended period (several years), the efficiency gains by merged firms do result in economic benefits for consumers.

Based on the texts, how would Roy and Liu (Text 2) most likely respond to Green’s findings (Text 1)?

The following excerpt is from The Melody of Silence by Daisy Fields.

Amelia was known for her unusual teaching methods. Rather than solely focusing on technical skills, she emphasized the emotional connection to the music. She used imaginative exercises to help her students connect emotionally, aiming to make their performances more expressive. Many students, initially skeptical, came to see the value in this unconventional approach, finding it beneficial for their performances.

Based on the text, what is likely true about Amelia's students?

 Nutrition scientist Abigail Lister has spent her career studying the benefits of plant-based diets. In her latest research project, she examined the effects of such diets on heart health in a diverse group of adults over a five-year period. Her study revealed a significant decrease in heart disease risks among participants adhering to a plant-based diet. Following the publication of her findings, there has been an increased public interest in plant-based diets.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

In their research on the effects of urbanization on local bird populations, Jordan Lee and her team analyzed data from urban, suburban, and rural environments over a decade. Their findings indicate that while some bird species have adapted well to urban settings, showing increased population numbers, others have significantly declined. The study highlights that the decline is most pronounced in species that rely on large, undisturbed tracts of land for nesting and foraging. Lee's team proposes targeted conservation strategies that include creating green corridors and preserving natural habitats within urban areas to support biodiversity.

What does the text most strongly suggest about the impact of urbanization on local bird populations?

In the late 19th century, the United States witnessed a dramatic increase in industrial activity, leading to the rise of industrial magnates often referred to as "Robber Barons." These individuals amassed vast fortunes through the ownership and management of major corporations, such as railroads, steel mills, and oil refineries. Critics argue that their wealth was accumulated at the expense of workers through exploitative practices. In contrast, some historians and economists argue that the industrial expansion they facilitated contributed significantly to the United States' emergence as a leading economic power.

Which quotation from a scholarly article best supports the criticism of the industrial magnates mentioned in the text?

Marine biologists have identified different zones in the ocean that are inhabited by different types of plankton: the surface zone (SZ), the twilight zone (TZ), the midnight zone (MZ), and the abyss (ABY). As one descends deeper into the ocean, the amount of sunlight decreases, affecting the rate of photosynthesis. Biologist Serena Chang led a team that studied the average photosynthesis rates for different types of plankton (like diatoms and cyanobacteria) across these zones, showing that photosynthesis rates in the sunlit SZ or TZ are much higher than in the darker MZ or ABY. For instance, the average photosynthesis rate for diatoms in the TZ is 38%, while the rate for ______.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the example?

Several Ancient Greek vases feature an individual wielding a trident. Some scholars believe that this figure represents the god Poseidon, since he is often associated with a trident in Greek mythology. Yet, archaeologist George Summers argues that the trident was also a common fishing implement in Ancient Greece. The fact that the individual is holding a trident, therefore, ______

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Both Jack Dawson, a marine biologist, and Kate Winslet, an environmentalist, were passionate about ocean conservation. They established OceanGuard, a ______ works to protect and preserve marine ecosystems.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In analyzing the scientific contributions of Marie Curie, ______ have failed to acknowledge her pioneering work on radioactivity.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Acclaimed playwright Emma Kowalski, known for her complex characterizations, has delighted theater audiences with her original plots, memorable dialogue, and ______ her ability to highlight the complexities of the human experience, critics have often compared Kowalski to renowned playwright Tennessee Williams.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In 1903, the Wright brothers, pioneers of aviation, achieved the first powered flight, marking a significant milestone in human achievement. Their groundbreaking design that incorporated a three-axis control system and innovative control ______ fundamentally change the course of transportation history and open up new possibilities for human exploration.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A philanthropist and entrepreneur known for her work in education, health, and sustainable energy sectors, and for her support of various global charities, including initiatives aimed at providing clean water and fighting ______ Maria Gonzalez was honored with the Humanitarian Leadership Award.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright is celebrated globally for its unique harmony with nature and its innovative design principles. By subtly integrating features inspired by the surrounding landscape into his buildings, he allows ______ to blend seamlessly into their natural environment, creating a sense of unity and tranquility.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Zoologist Amanda Smith at the University of Toronto, recently announced that ______ possess unique characteristics such as opposable thumbs and binocular vision that set them apart from other animals.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

By the 19th century, Charles Darwin had made discoveries in the field of biology that transformed our understanding of life on Earth. ______ he faced significant opposition from those who held differing views at the time.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

The Coriolis effect is an apparent deflection of the path of an object moving in a rotating system, which explains why trade winds in the Northern Hemisphere blow from northeast to southwest, and in the Southern Hemisphere from southeast to northwest. ______ understanding this effect is crucial for meteorologists predicting weather patterns and ocean currents.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

·        There are four types of big cats that are part of the Panthera genus.

·        These include the lion and the tiger.

·        The lion is the only known cat species that roar together.

·        Its scientific name is Panthera leo.

·        The tiger is the largest species in the cat family.

·        Its scientific name is Panthera tigris.

The student wants to emphasize a similarity between the lion and the tiger. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

·        Mount Everest is a mountain located on the border of Nepal and China.

·        It is also known as Sagarmatha.

·        Its peak is 29,031.7 feet above sea level.

·        K2 is a mountain located on the border of China and Pakistan.

·        Its peak is 28,251 feet above sea level.

·        It is also known as Mount Godwin-Austen.

The student wants to compare the heights of the two mountains. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

·  In 2020, scientists at Johns Hopkins University developed a new type of bandage that promotes wound healing.

·  The bandage, called "HealFast," incorporates a protein that stimulates tissue regeneration.

·  The bandage is designed to dissolve after the wound is healed, reducing the need for bandage changes.

·  HealFast has been successful in accelerating the healing process in initial clinical trials.

The student wants to highlight a distinct feature of the HealFast bandage. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?